The impact of xenophobic violence on the integration of. Global identification, xenophobia and globalisation. Journal of the european economic association 156, 4185. The damage inflicted by violence may be physical, psychological, or both. The reoccurrence of these attacks has raised concerns in many quarters as to whether the government has done enough to stop the attacks. In other words, theyre not white anglosaxon protestants, the western europeans historically deemed as desirable whites. Reactions and actions to xenophobia in south africa. Xenophobia may sound like a groovy disco move, but it is a serious anxiety disorder. National subjectivity in south africa, journal of southern african studies, 39. Xenophobic violence in democratic south africa south. As the rights based discourse gains momentum, groups that have been previously excluded from participating in the social, economic and political life of the city, for example, migrants, are becoming more assertive and demanding inclusion. We distinguish it from nativism in part 2, and then from racism in part 3. Routledge informa ltd registered in england and wales registered number. A retrospective study of the effects of xenophobia on.
Articles on xenophobia displaying 1 20 of 95 articles donald trump at a press briefing with members of the white house coronavirus task force on april 18, 2020 in washington, dc. Combating racism and racial discrimination in europe. Aug 21, 2010 the dialogic relationship between individuals and the cultural space of europe embodies cultural definitions, political definitions and individual definitions. The experience of xenophobia in south africa article pdf available in american journal of orthopsychiatry 811. In the dictionary, the term xenophobia is defined as a hatred or fear of foreigners south african pocket oxford dictionary of current english, 1994. Xenophobia news, research and analysis the conversation. Xenophobia, islamophobia, racism, and the 44th president is a study about the american people who do not support obamaaes politics and to such an extreme that they can be called oobama haters. In short, xenophobia is a fear or dislike of anything that is foreign, which can be a culture, a people, or even a subject. South african journal of political studies, 381, 736. A critical study of the phenomenon and pragmatic solutions for south africa in the postapartheid period, thousands of refugees, migrant workers and other categories of foreign nationals have been attacked, killed, displaced or deprived of their property in xenophobic attacks throughout south africa.
Reflections, narratives and recommendations hussein solomon university of the free state, republic of south africa hitomi kosaka osaka university, japan and university of the free state abstract xenophobia, simply put, is the fear or hatred of foreigners or strangers. May 31, 2019 xenophobia has become a more global term rather than a mental illness. International journal of research in business studies and management v2 0 i6. If you have access to a journal via a society or association membership, please browse to your society journal, select an article to view, and follow the instructions in this box. Xenophobia, racism, social class, collegiality, south africa. Xenophobia, from the greek xenos, meaning stranger or foreigner, and phobos, meaning fear, is the fear or hatred of that which is perceived to be foreign or strange. We conducted two studies, one with a representative sample of municipalities and another with a representative sample of the census districts of. Contact us if you experience any difficulty logging in. The role of the church in south africa article pdf available in verbum et ecclesia 383 october 2017 with 273 reads how we measure reads. In todays world, contemporary forms of racism and racial discrimination are complex and disturbing. Article information, pdf download for xenophobic violence and struggle. The levels of xenophobia varied from as lower than 2% in uruguay, up to 60% in malaysia.
Initially it was described as a psychological disposition of people towards foreigners but in recent times it is used to describe intergroup relations in the context of mass migration. The dialogic relationship between individuals and the cultural space of europe embodies cultural definitions, political definitions and individual definitions. In part 1 of this article, we offer our definition of xenophobia as civic ostracism. Article pdf available in american journal of orthopsychiatry 811. This article contributes to the existing discourse by employing levels of. Using a desktop methodology, the study unpacked government response to the xenophobic attacks and tried to establish the various factors that may have contributed to xenophobic sentiments. Xenophobia and racism go hand in hand, as the examples in this overview demonstrate. Over and above this, the intention is to focus on levels of knowledge that are to be found at grassroots level.
As individuals draw from europe as a cultural space and strive to identify and define themselves, definitions are created against an other, leading to europe being defined against the other. Violence, an act of physical force that causes or is intended to cause harm. A conceptualphenomenological approach to the analysis of the concept of xenophobia in naga ga di etelane, a drama by m. While whites have been targets of xenophobia, such whites usually fall into the white ethnic categoryslavs, poles, or jews. The term is typically used to describe a fear or dislike foreigners or of people significantly different a retrospective study of the effects of. The experience of xenophobia in south africa article pdf available in american journal of orthopsychiatry 81 1. The term is typically used to describe a fear or dislike foreigners or of people significantly different a. In recent years there has been some critical intellectual reflections about who has rights to the city, and how such rights are realised. Xenophobia article about xenophobia by the free dictionary. The term xenophobia comes from the greek words xenos, meaning foreigner, stranger, and phobos, meaning fear. The limitation of the isolation thesis is that it does not explain the socio. Xenophobia is strong and unreasonable dislike or fear of people from other countries. In europe, these issues increasingly lie at the heart of political and social concerns.
The irony is that the recurrent theme of terrorism has become the daily. This paper argues that xenophobia in south africa is entangled in discourses. This paper explores xenophobia from the view point of zimbabweans and. Combating racism and racial discrimination in europe united. A definition of xenophobia and examples to describe the. Mortimer house, 3741 mortimer street, london w1t 3jh, uk journal of southern african studies. Manifestations of xenophobia are usually triggered by intense dislike or hatred against. Many appeals against introduced species, beginning in the 19th century, focus on aesthetic issues. Boas shows in his article that the new cleavages frame around the. Fungai chopo got work as a builder, his wife, memory, was hired as a maid, and they shared a decent. Many of the communities of color that face racial discrimination in the united states also experience xenophobia because theyre immigrants or belong to an ethnic group thats widely perceived as foreign.
This chapter attempts to deconstruct such a representation by suggesting that xenophobia is implicit to the technologies of nationbuilding and is part of south africas culture of violence. The correlation between global identification and xenophobia also varied significantly across countries, ranging from a positive correlation 0. Xenophobia is a dislike andor fear of that which is unknown or different from one. Xenophobia is presented as a concept descriptive of a socially observable phenomenon. Current antiimmigrant sentiment, largely focused on the influx of mexican and latino newcomersand the fact that latinos, along with african americans and asian peoples, are projected to represent a majority of the u. Xenophobia toward refugees and other forced migrants reliefweb. Xenophobic violence against foreign nationals in south africa has worsened. Xenophobia is defined in the concise oxford dictionary as a. An immigrant is defined as being born abroad or having parents being born outside.
The chapter will provide a brief history and critique of the ways in which xenophobia has been understood in south africa. Pdf in may 2008, xenophobic violence erupted in south africa. Previous studies concluded that the immigration density was a key indicator in explaining xenophobia herranz, 2008, 2008a, 2010. Xenophobia is presented as a concept descriptive of a socially observable. There has been this and much speculation of the causes and triggers of the violence. Since the 2008 xenophobic violence in the country, there has been a. It has emerged as a social and human rights issue in the wake of growing number of. Oct 07, 2016 europe, once home of culture and the enlightenment values, seems to have lost some of its rationale thinking. If you need a fast decision, inquiries journal offers expedited processing of your submission for a small fee. Hatred is not a natural and spontaneous sentiment and xenophobic acts are usually the outcome of propaganda and incitement to hatred, hostility and violence carried out at several levels, including social, political and media. It is aimed at creating knowledge with the collaboration of the formal sectors of the natural and human sciences as base. The spate of xenophobic attacks that occurred in south africa first in 2008 and more recently in 2015 has raised questions in relation to causes and possible solutions.
A retrospective study of the effects of xenophobia on south. Xenophobia the reader wiki, reader view of wikipedia. Apr 17, 2015 t hey came to south africa in search of a better life and, for a while, found the promised land. Apr 21, 2020 articles on xenophobia displaying 1 20 of 95 articles donald trump at a press briefing with members of the white house coronavirus task force on april 18, 2020 in washington, dc.
Ghana, journal of housing and the built environment. Violence may be distinguished from aggression, a more general type of hostile behaviour that may be physical, verbal, or passive in nature. Ethnocentrism is a slippery concept that different disciplines and individuals use in diverse, inconsistent, and incompatible ways. Many political beliefs have been claimed to be causing xenophobic attacks in places like south africa. Yet, the term is so loaded with conceptual problems that a totally accepted definition of it still does not exist. Pdf the 2015 xenophobic attacks are a fresh reminder of antiimmigrant sentiments in south africa.
South africa witnessed widespread xenophobic attacks since 1994 in provinces such as gauteng, western cape, free state, limpopo and kwazulu natal. Reflections, narratives and recommendations hussein solomon university of the free state, republic of south africa hitomi kosaka osaka university, japan and university of the free state abstract xenophobia, simply put, is the fear or. Article on the pogroms in indian journal statement on the attacks by the south african shack dwellers movement abahlali basemjondolo foreign natives to native foreigners. An analysis of situation of immigrants and the growing racism and xenophobia in greece. The current xenophobic cultural environment in the united states makes it imperative that psychologists understand the nature of xenophobia and recognize its consequences. Xenophobia has become a more global term rather than a mental illness. This journal is hosted by the su lis on request of the. Europe, once home of culture and the enlightenment values, seems to have lost some of its rationale thinking.
Ethnocentrism is usually defined as a kind of ethnic or cultural. Examining the phenomenon of xenophobia as experienced by. Xenophobia or no xenophobia, south africa belongs to the south. List of books and articles about xenophobia online research.
But that is not the case with the term xenophobia, at least the volokh conspiracy. Adler and others published xenophobia find, read and. Xenophobia meaning in the cambridge english dictionary. Article information, pdf download for understanding xenophobia in. Pdf the experience of xenophobia in south africa researchgate. An analysis of the causes, effects and ramifications of. It is an actual phobia, but unlike most other phobias, this one can. Xenophobia causes and characteristics 1 xenophobia and racism 2 initiatives against xenophobia 3 resurgence of rightwing politics 4 islamophobia 5 bibliography 6 xenophobia is discrimination against and hatred of foreigners, targeting outsiders and strangers or more often those who a. The journal for transdisciplinary research td is a journal dedicated to promoting the concept of transdisciplinary research. In terms of the nature of the xenophobia in south africa, it is argued that this often goes beyond the expression of xenophobic attitudes, and takes the form of violent xenophobic behaviour which is usually targeted at black. Patterns of xenophobic hostility thus constitute a violation of the human rights of a. Xenophobia is defined as the fear or hatred of strangers and their culture. For many africans, south africa represents a land of opportunity and a haven of tolerance, but a wave of violence has tarnished this image and sent foreigners fleeing for safety. Lesotho, journal of development southern africa, 221, routledge.
Access to society journal content varies across our titles. Xenophobia definition and meaning collins english dictionary. Understanding the causes and the nature of xenophobia in. The integration of the european union and the changing. This article explores sociological, social psychological, and multicultural research to examine the causes of negative attitudes toward immigrants. List of books and articles about xenophobia online. Chinese hist van doren, 334335 hermit kingdom the korea.
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